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Black Mormons
Most Mormons are members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The church has never kept official records on the race of its membership, so exact numbers of black members are unknown. Black people have been members of Mormon congregations since its foundation, but before 1978 its black membership was small. It has since grown, and in 1997, there were approximately 500,000 black members of the church (about 5% of the total membership), mostly in Africa, Brazil and the Caribbean.〔() quoting ''Deseret News 1999-2000 Church Almanac''. Deseret News: Salt Lake City, UT (1998); pg. 119.〕 Black membership has continued to grow substantially, especially in West Africa, where two temples have been built.〔(The Church Continues to Grow in Africa )〕 In the United States, 3% of members are black.
==Notable early black Mormons==
(詳細はElijah Abel, William McCary, and Walker Lewis.
Jane Manning James had been born free and worked as a housekeeper in Joseph Smith's home.〔Jerel Harris and Brian Passey, (The History of Black Pioneers: Slaves, Free Blacks Among the First Utah Settlers )〕 When she requested the temple ordinances, John Taylor took her petition to the Quorum of the Twelve, but her request was denied. When Wilford Woodruff became president of the church, he compromised and allowed Manning to be sealed to the family of Smith as a servant. This was unsatisfying to Manning as it did not include the saving ordinance of the endowment, and she repeated her petitions. She died in 1908. Church president Joseph F. Smith honored her by speaking at her funeral.〔Embry 1994: 40-41.〕
Other notable early black LDS Church members included Green Flake, the slave of John Flake, a convert to the church and from whom he got his name. He was baptized as a member of the LDS Church at age 16 in the Mississippi River, but remained a slave. Following the death of John Flake, in 1850 his widow gave Green Flake to the church as tithing. Some members of the black side of the Flake family say that Brigham Young emancipated their ancestor in 1854, however at least one descendant states that Green was never freed.〔()〕 Samuel D. Chambers was another early African American pioneer. He was baptized secretly at the age of thirteen when he was still a slave in Mississippi. He was unable to join the main body of the church and lost track of them until after the Civil War. He was thirty-eight when he had saved enough money to emigrate to Utah with his wife and son.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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